Ford 4L5Z-9C985-AA Cannister - Fuel Vapour Store

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The Evaporative Emissions Control (EVAP) system is responsible for preventing fuel system vapors from escaping into the atmosphere. On warm days, the vapors trapped inside the fuel tank expand until a certain pressure threshold is reached. The fuel vapors are then routed through the fuel vapor vent valve and the fuel vapor control valve to the EVAP canister, where they are temporarily stored. When the conditions are right, the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) opens the canister purge valve, allowing the fuel vapors to be drawn into the intake manifold and into the engine with the air/fuel mixture. The EVAP canister is located under the vehicle, either on top of the fuel tank or mounted to the underside of the body. It contains activated charcoal and is designed to be maintenance-free. Other important components include the fuel tank pressure sensor, the fuel vapor vent valve, the canister vent solenoid, the fuel filler pipe check valve, and the evaporative emission (EVAP) dust separator. Common symptoms of a faulty EVAP system include a strong fuel odor and poor driveability. To diagnose and repair the system, it is recommended to use a proprietary OBD-11 scan tool and consult a qualified repair shop. Component replacement involves detaching vacuum lines, loosening the canister mounting clamp bolt, and installing the new canister.