To inspect the camshaft, measure the major and minor diameters of each cam lobe using a micrometer or vernier caliper, then subtract the minor diameter from the major diameter to determine lobe lift; if the lift is 0.005-inch less than specified, replace the camshaft and all lifters or followers. After removing the camshaft from the engine, clean it with solvent and dry it, then inspect the bearing journals for uneven wear, pitting, and signs of seizure; if damaged, both the camshaft and bearings need replacement. Measure the camshaft bearing journals with a micrometer to check for excessive wear or out-of-round conditions; if they exceed 0.001-inch out-of-round, replace the camshaft. Check the camshaft lobes for heat discoloration, score marks, chipped areas, pitting, and uneven wear; if the lobes are in good condition and the lobe lift measurements are as specified, the camshaft can be reused. For lifter inspection, clean the lifters with solvent and dry them thoroughly, ensuring the roller on each lifter turns freely without signs of wear, and check the pushrod seat for wear; if the lifters show signs of wear or binding, replace them as a complete set along with the camshaft. When installing new lifters, a new camshaft must also be installed, and used lifters should only be installed with the original camshaft in their original locations. Camshaft bearing replacement requires special tools and expertise, so it is advisable to take the block or head to an automotive machine shop for proper handling.